Full Biography [ Text Version ][ Original. Naval History and Heritage Command. Print Friendly. The Sextant. Social Media. Toggle left navigation Nav. Toggle navigation Menu. Toggle navigation. Navy Installations Historic Former U. Navy Women in the U. Navy Hispanic Americans in the U. Navy Contributions of Native Americans to the U. Naval Profiles ». Bennion, Mervyn S. Benson, William S. Bush, George H. Clark, George R. Denfeld, Louis E. Fechteler, Augustus F.
Fletcher, Frank F. Myth : During the moon walk, Armstrong made a cryptic comment, "Good luck, Mr. Fact: The comment is not on any recordings or transcripts, nor was it heard by anyone in real time.
It appears to have originated from a comedy routine by Buddy Hackett. Myth : Armstrong observed UFOs on the way to the moon, and again once he was down on the surface. Fact : Most Apollo crews on the way to the moon noticed flashing lights "pacing" them, which turned out to be segments of their Saturn 5 launch vehicle, and especially the four panels of the "LM garage," which got jettisoned soon after launch. Myth : Armstrong actually filmed all the moon surface sequences in Nevada.
Fact : Aside from the mind-boggling awesomeness of the actual mission, the genuine "unearthliness" of outer space produced scenes and sequences which just didn't "look right" to many viewers. But all other technical "objections" are bogus, despite the globally widespread ideological appeal of disbelieving the Apollo successes. Myth : As an astronaut facing an enormous physical challenge, Armstrong worked out tirelessly in the gymnasium to strengthen his body.
But even without exercise, he briefly sped up his own consumption of his allotment during the Apollo 11 landing. IE 11 is not supported. The estimated global audience at that moment was million listeners, [89] out of a then estimated world population of 3. About 20 minutes after the first step, Aldrin joined Armstrong on the surface and became the second human to set foot on the Moon, and the duo began their tasks of investigating how easily a person could operate on the lunar surface.
Early on, they unveiled a plaque commemorating their flight, and also planted the flag of the United States. The flag used on this mission had a metal rod to hold it horizontal from its pole.
Since the rod did not fully extend, and the flag was tightly folded and packed during the journey, the flag ended up with a slightly wavy appearance, as if there were a breeze.
The President spoke for about a minute, after which Armstrong responded for about thirty seconds. In the entire Apollo 11 photographic record, there are only five images of Armstrong partly shown or reflected. The mission was planned to the minute, with the majority of photographic tasks to be performed by Armstrong with a single Hasselblad camera.
After helping to set up the Early Apollo Scientific Experiment Package, Armstrong went for a walk to what is now known as East Crater, 65 yards 59 m east of the LM, the greatest distance traveled from the LM on the mission. The time spent on EVA during Apollo 11 was about two and a half hours, the shortest of any of the six Apollo lunar landing missions; [94] each of the subsequent five landings were allotted gradually longer periods for EVA activities—the crew of Apollo 17 , by comparison, spent over 22 hours exploring the lunar surface.
In a interview, Armstrong explained that NASA limited his moonwalk to two hours because they were unsure how the spacesuits would handle the extreme temperature of the Moon. The Apollo 11 crew and President Nixon during the post-mission quarantine period.
After they re-entered the LM, the hatch was closed and sealed. While preparing for the liftoff from the lunar surface, Armstrong and Aldrin discovered that, in their bulky spacesuits, they had broken the ignition switch for the ascent engine; using part of a pen, they pushed the circuit breaker in to activate the launch sequence. After being released from an day quarantine to ensure that they had not picked up any infections or diseases from the Moon, the crew were feted across the United States and around the world as part of a day "Giant Leap" tour.
He was the first westerner to see the supersonic Tupolev Tu and was given a tour of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center , which Armstrong described as "a bit Victorian in nature".
Armstrong announced shortly after the Apollo 11 flight that he did not plan to fly in space again. He accepted a teaching position in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati, [] having decided on Cincinnati over other universities, including his alma mater , Purdue, because it had a small aerospace department; he hoped that the faculty members would not be annoyed that he came straight into a professorship with only the USC master's degree.
After teaching for eight years, he resigned in without explaining his reason for leaving. Armstrong served on two spaceflight accident investigations. The first was in , after Apollo 13 , where as part of Edgar Cortwright's panel, he produced a detailed chronology of the flight.
Armstrong personally opposed the report's recommendation to re-design the service module's oxygen tanks, the source of the explosion. As vice-chairman, Armstrong was in charge of the operational side of the commission. Neil Armstrong second from right in the middle row visits with U. Seated next to him on the left are astronauts Jim Lovell and Gene Cernan. The first company to successfully approach him was Chrysler, for whom he appeared in advertising starting in January Armstrong thought they had a strong engineering division, plus they were in financial difficulty.
He later acted as a spokesman for other companies, including General Time Corporation and the Bankers Association of America. He acted as a spokesman for U. He retired as chairman of the board of EDO Corporation in In he voiced the character of Dr. Armstrong speaks on the 50th anniversary of John Glenn 's first spaceflight in February Armstrong was approached by political groups from both ends of the spectrum after his aeronautical career.
Unlike former astronauts and U. Personally, he was in favor of states' rights and against the United States acting as the "world's policeman". In the late s, Armstrong applied at a local Methodist church to lead a Boy Scout troop. When asked for his religious affiliation, he labeled himself as a deist. In , Armstrong was welcomed into the town of Langholm , Scotland, the traditional seat of Clan Armstrong ; he was made the first freeman of the burgh , and happily declared the town his home.
In the fall of , Armstrong was working at his farm near Lebanon, Ohio. As he jumped off of the back of his grain truck, his wedding ring caught in the wheel, tearing off the tip of his ring finger. He collected the severed digit and packed it in ice, and surgeons reattached it at the Jewish Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky. Armstrong married his first wife Janet Shearon on January 28, Their first son Eric was born in , followed by daughter, Karen, in Karen died of a brain tumor in January , and the couple's second son Mark was born in She said little to Armstrong, but two weeks later she received a call from him asking what she was doing—she replied she was cutting down a cherry tree; 35 minutes later Armstrong was at her house to help out.
He lived in Indian Hill, Ohio. Armstrong is generally referred to as a "reluctant" American Hero. After , Armstrong refused all requests for autographs because he found that his signed items were selling for large amounts of money and that many forgeries were in circulation; any requests that were sent to him received a form letter in reply, saying that he had stopped signing.
Although his no-autograph policy was well known, author Andrew Smith observed people at the Reno Air Races still trying to get signatures, with one person even claiming, "If you shove something close enough in front of his face, he'll sign. Use of Armstrong's name, image, and famous quote caused him problems over the years. MTV wanted to use his quote for its now-famous identity depicting the Apollo 11 landing when it launched in , but he declined.
The lawsuit was settled out of court [] for an undisclosed amount of money which Armstrong donated to Purdue. In May , Armstrong became involved in an unusual legal battle with his barber of 20 years, Marx Sizemore.
Sizemore, unable to get the hair back, decided to donate the proceeds to the charity of Armstrong's choice. Since the early s, Armstrong has been the subject of a hoax saying that he converted to Islam after hearing the adhan , the Muslim call to prayer, while walking on the moon. In March , the U. State Department responded by issuing a global message to Muslims saying that Armstrong "has not converted to Islam". A part of the confusion stems from the similarity between Armstrong's American residence in Lebanon, Ohio, and the country Lebanon which has a majority population of Muslims.
Photograph of Armstrong as a boy at his family memorial service in Indian Hill, Ohio near Cincinnati on August 31, Armstrong underwent bypass surgery on August 7, , to relieve blocked coronary arteries. His family released a statement describing Armstrong as a "reluctant American hero [who had] served his nation proudly, as a navy fighter pilot, test pilot, and astronaut While we mourn the loss of a very good man, we also celebrate his remarkable life and hope that it serves as an example to young people around the world to work hard to make their dreams come true, to be willing to explore and push the limits, and to selflessly serve a cause greater than themselves.
For those who may ask what they can do to honor Neil, we have a simple request. Honor his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink. Armstrong's colleague on the Apollo 11 mission, Buzz Aldrin, said that he was "deeply saddened by the passing. I know I am joined by millions of others in mourning the passing of a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew.
I had truly hoped that on July 20th, , Neil, Mike and I would be standing together to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of our moon landing Regrettably, this is not to be. Armstrong's burial at sea on September 14, A tribute was held in Armstrong's honor on September 13 at Washington National Cathedral, whose Space Window depicts the Apollo 11 mission and holds a sliver of moon rock amid its stained-glass panels.
Cernan, the Apollo 17 mission commander and last man to walk on the moon; and former Senator and astronaut John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth. In a eulogy, Charles Bolden said, "Neil will always be remembered for taking humankind's first small step on a world beyond our own, but it was the courage, grace, and humility he displayed throughout this life that lifted him above the stars.
Michael Collins led prayers. Aldrin and Collins left immediately after the event. The Apollo 15 commander, David Scott , spoke to the press; he recalled the Gemini 8 mission with Armstrong when he spoke, possibly for the first time, about an incident in which glue spilled on his harness and prevented it from locking correctly minutes before the hatch had to be sealed or the mission aborted.
Armstrong then called on back-up pilot Pete Conrad to solve the problem, which he did, to continue the mission without stopping the countdown clock. Armstrong and Valentina Tereshkova , the first woman in space, Soviet Union, The lunar crater Armstrong , 31 mi 50 km from the Apollo 11 landing site, and asteroid Armstrong [] are named in his honor.
Michael Collins, President George W. Bush , Neil Armstrong, and Buzz Aldrin during celebrations of the 35th anniversary of the Apollo 11 flight, July 21, Armstrong , was published in For many years, Armstrong turned down biography offers from authors such as Stephen Ambrose and James A.
Michener, but agreed to work with James R. Hansen after reading one of Hansen's other biographies. In a Space Foundation survey, Armstrong was ranked as the 1 most popular space hero. The press often asked Armstrong for his views on the future of spaceflight.
In , Armstrong said that a manned mission to Mars will be easier than the lunar challenge of the s: "I suspect that even though the various questions are difficult and many, they are not as difficult and many as those we faced when we started the Apollo [space program] in The ship currently under construction will be a modern oceanographic research platform capable of supporting a wide range of oceanographic research activities conducted by academic groups.
Hill Lifetime Space Achievement Award. Military Wiki Explore. Popular pages. Project maintenance. Register Don't have an account? Neil Armstrong. Edit source History Talk 0. Neil Armstrong [1] Armstrong in July Main article: Gemini 8. Main article: Gemini Main article: Apollo See also: Apollo 11—Lunar surface operations. Play media. August Retrieved May 14, Scientific American. Retrieved December 30, City of Wapakoneta, Ohio.
Retrieved August 25, Retrieved May 24, Retrieved May 12, Gareth Stevens. ISBN Boy Scouts of America. Retrieved November 4, April 11, Retrieved February 10, World Organization of the Scout Movement.
Retrieved August 29, Glenn Research Center. March Retrieved May 16, Phi Delta Theta international site. Retrieved May 3, Retrieved May 17, See, Jr. Retrieved May 19, Archived from the original on August 12, Retrieved July 24, Apollo Houghton Mifflin. The Last Man on the Moon. New York: St Martin's Griffin. Moon Dust Paperback ed. November That was the time of probe contact; the exact time of landing is difficult to determine, because Armstrong said the landing was "very gentle" and "It was hard to tell when we were on.
Retrieved November 30,
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