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Francis; but it cannot be proved. Wadding leaves it an open question. Paul III instituted a confraternity, under the invocation of the saint , to have charge of the church and hospital erected during the pontificate of Alexander VI. The confraternity increased so rapidly that Paul IV raised it to an archconfraternity, with powers to aggregate similar confraternities of St. It was given a cardinal-protector , and a prelate of high rank was to be its immediate superior see Reg. Societatis S.
Various favours have been bestowed on it by Pius IV C. It still flourishes. Roch Hist. Roch, etudes histor. Racho of Autun, the 25th of January , indicating the existence of two different saints. Roch of Montpellier existed at least as early as , starting in Voghera before Montpellier. We also have documentation of the body of St. Roch of Montpellier present in Voghera in and it being venerated since at least then; and of a feast in his honor being celebrated in in the presence of his remains.
This information has led to the now common belief that St. Roch probably died in Voghera, Italy, instead of Montpellier , France. According to his Acta and his vita in Legenda Aurea , he was born at Montpellier , at that time "upon the border of France" as Legenda Aurea has it, [ 7 ] the son of the noble governor of that city. Even his birth was accounted a miracle, for his noble mother had been barren until she prayed to the Virgin Mary.
Miraculously marked from birth with a red cross on his breast that grew as he did, he early began to manifest strict asceticism and great devoutness; on days when his "devout mother fasted twice in the week, and the blessed child Rocke abstained him twice also, when his mother fasted in the week, and would suck his mother but once that day".
On the death of his parents in his twentieth year he distributed all his worldly goods among the poor like Francis of Assisi — though his father on his deathbed had ordained him governor of Montpellier— and set out as a mendicant pilgrim for Rome. At Rome, according to Legenda Aurea he preserved the "cardinal of Angleria in Lombardy" [ 11 ] by making the mark of the cross on his forehead, which miraculously remained. Ministering at Piacenza he himself finally fell ill.
He was expelled from the town; and withdrew into the forest, where he made himself a hut of boughs and leaves, which was miraculously supplied with water by a spring that arose in the place; he would have perished had not a dog belonging to a nobleman named Gothard Palastrelli supplied him with bread and licked his wounds, healing them.
Count Gothard, following his hunting dog that carried the bread, discovered Saint Roch and became his acolyte. On his return incognito to Montpellier he was arrested as a spy by orders of his own uncle and thrown into prison, where he languished five years and died on 16 August , without revealing his name, to avoid worldly glory.
Saint Roch refused to identify himself as royalty and was thrown in prison along with his dog. He spent time praying and helping fellow prisoners until he died five years later. At his death a document in his possession and the distinctive birthmark revealed his true identity. After his death, numerous miracles, especially those related to the plague and infectious diseases, were attributed to Saint Roch.
He was canonized years after his death.
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